Linux查看进程的所有信息的方法示例

> ps -ef | grep webhook
root   15902   1 0 Aug15 ?    00:00:00 python -u src/webhook.py
root   30639 30612 0 22:50 pts/0  00:00:00 grep --color=auto webhook

> ll /proc/15902
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 attr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 autogroup
-r-------- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 auxv
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 cgroup
--w------- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 clear_refs
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 16:48 cmdline
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 comm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 coredump_filter
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 cpuset
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Aug 15 16:48 cwd -> /services/apps/webhook
-r-------- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 environ
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Aug 15 16:48 exe -> /usr/bin/python2.7
dr-x------ 2 root root 0 Aug 15 16:48 fd
dr-x------ 2 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 fdinfo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 gid_map
-r-------- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 io
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 18 22:52 limits
...

#lsof 列出当前系统打开文件，常与-i选项使用，用于查看某个端口被哪个程序占用
[root@bogon ~]# lsof -i:80
COMMAND PID  USER  FD  TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
httpd  6701  root  4u IPv6 64259   0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd  6702 apache  4u IPv6 64259   0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd  6703 apache  4u IPv6 64259   0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd  6704 apache  4u IPv6 64259   0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd  6705 apache  4u IPv6 64259   0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd  6706 apache  4u IPv6 64259   0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
[root@bogon ~]# lsof -i:22
COMMAND PID USER  FD  TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
sshd   931 root  3u IPv4 20955   0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd   931 root  4u IPv6 20965   0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd  3926 root  3u IPv4 36374   0t0 TCP bogon:ssh->bogon:53436 (ESTABLISHED)
[root@bogon ~]# 


#获取终端上所有用户的有关进程的所有信息
[root@bogon ~]# ps -aux
USER    PID %CPU %MEM  VSZ  RSS TTY   STAT START  TIME COMMAND
root     1 0.0 0.4 128092 4724 ?    Ss  Jun25  0:03 /usr/lib/systemd/syste
root     2 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [kthreadd]
root     3 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
root     6 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [kworker/u256:0]
root     7 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [migration/0]
root     8 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [rcu_bh]
root     9 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    R  Jun25  0:01 [rcu_sched]
root     10 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [watchdog/0]
root     12 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [khelper]
root     13 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [kdevtmpfs]
root     14 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [netns]
root     15 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [khungtaskd]
root     16 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [writeback]
root     17 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [kintegrityd]
root     18 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [bioset]
root     19 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [kblockd]
root     20 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [md]
root     26 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [kswapd0]
root     27 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    SN  Jun25  0:00 [ksmd]
root     28 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    SN  Jun25  0:00 [khugepaged]
root     29 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [fsnotify_mark]
root     30 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [crypto]
root     38 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [kthrotld]
root     40 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [kmpath_rdacd]
root     41 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [kpsmoused]
root     43 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [ipv6_addrconf]
root     62 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [deferwq]
root     94 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [kauditd]
root    233 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [mpt_poll_0]
root    234 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [ata_sff]
root    235 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [mpt/0]
root    241 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [scsi_eh_0]
root    243 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S<  Jun25  0:00 [scsi_tmf_0]
root    245 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [scsi_eh_1]
root    246 0.0 0.0   0   0 ?    S  Jun25  0:00 [kworker/u256:2]
。。。。。。


#获取某服务程序的所有进程号
[root@bogon ~]# pgrep httpd
6701
6702
6703
6704
6705
6706
#杀死进程，killall通过程序名字杀死所有进程
[root@bogon ~]# killall httpd
[root@bogon ~]# pgrep httpd
[root@bogon ~]# 
#kill杀死程序
[root@bogon ~]# cat a.sh  #死循环
#!/bin/bash
while true
do
  echo "linux">/dev/null
done
[root@bogon ~]# ./a.sh
^Z
[1]+ Stopped         ./a.sh
[root@bogon ~]# ps
  PID TTY     TIME CMD
 3930 pts/1  00:00:00 bash
 11719 pts/1  00:00:01 a.sh
 11729 pts/1  00:00:00 ps
[root@bogon ~]# kill 11719   #偶然间发现这个问题，原因暂时不明
[root@bogon ~]# ps
  PID TTY     TIME CMD
 3930 pts/1  00:00:00 bash
 11719 pts/1  00:00:01 a.sh
 11733 pts/1  00:00:00 ps
[root@bogon ~]# kill -9 11719 #既然普通kill无法杀死，那么就发送-9信号直接强制杀死，问题解决
[root@bogon ~]# ps
  PID TTY     TIME CMD
 3930 pts/1  00:00:00 bash
 11734 pts/1  00:00:00 ps
[1]+ Killed         ./a.sh
[root@bogon ~]# ./a.sh &
[1] 11735
[root@bogon ~]# ps
  PID TTY     TIME CMD
 3930 pts/1  00:00:00 bash
 11735 pts/1  00:00:01 a.sh
 11736 pts/1  00:00:00 ps
[root@bogon ~]# kill 11735  #普通后台运行程序可以直接kill
[root@bogon ~]# ps
  PID TTY     TIME CMD
 3930 pts/1  00:00:00 bash
 11737 pts/1  00:00:00 ps
[1]+ Terminated       ./a.sh
[root@bogon ~]#